February 8, 2002
MANAGER ATTEMPTING TO OPTION SCREENPLAY VIOLATES LABOR CODE
Agents are licensed by the California Department of Labor. Managers are not. Agents can procure employment for artists, while managers cannot. It is not always clear, however, when a manager’s activities are considered procuring employment. One might think that selling a writer’s finished script is not procuring employment because the writing services have been completed. But a recent decision by the California Labor Commissioner has come to a different conclusion.
A manager attempted to sell two of his client’s screenplays. After the manager left the management business, the writer optioned the works the manager had previously submitted. The writer didn’t pay the manager a commission on these deals, as the writer was obliged to do under the terms of the management contract. The manager sued. The suit was stayed while the Labor Commissioner determined whether the manager had acted illegally because he was not a licensed talent agent.
The Labor Commissioner concluded that absent compelling evidence that no future services of the writer are contemplated, a manager shopping scripts is procuring employment and violating the labor code if he is not a licensed talent agent. The commissioner noted that screenwriters who sell spec screenplays usually want to be hired to do any rewrites needed, and often they are hired for that purpose. Indeed, in this case, the writer was employed to render additional writing services.
Because the manager acted in violation of the Talent Agencies Act, the management agreement was unlawful, and the manger is unable to enforce its provisions.
HOLLYWOOD PITCH MARKET(TM) - MARCH 2 & 3, 2002
Carlos DeAbreu, the founder of the Hollywood Film Festival, will be holding another seminar in Los Angeles: SELL YOUR IDEA/STORY/BOOK/SCRIPT OR FILM TO HOLLYWOOD BUYERS. The seminar will include two days of intensive Networking. Additional information can be found at: http://www.hollywoodfestival.com/writing/index3.html. I will be one of a number of speakers.
Friday, February 08, 2002
Saturday, January 12, 2002
BORROWING FILM CLIPS DEEMED A FAIR USE
January 12, 2002
BORROWING FILM CLIPS DEEMED A FAIR USE
Under U.S. law it is well recognized that a writer can quote from another writer’s copyrighted work. A reviewer, for example, can quote a short passage from a book that is being reviewed. The doctrine permitting this use is known as the fair use doctrine.
While copyright principles apply to filmmakers and other authors who create copyrighted works, it has never been clear to what extent film clips can be borrowed under the fair use doctrine. The practice of many cautious producers is to license clips, even of very limited duration. Two recent federal cases shed some light on the issue, and they may encourage producers to forgo licensing short clips.
The plaintiff (P) in both cases was a person who had acquired copyrights to many movies produced by American International Pictures (AIP). In the first case, the P complained about the use of clips from AIP movies in a documentary about AIP titled “It Conquered the World” produced by the American Movie Classics (AMC) cable channel. While the P had initially agreed to accept a $36,000 license fee for use of the excerpts for cable exhibition, the P apparently changed her mind and ultimately declined to sign the license agreement. Instead, the P sought an injunction which the court refused to issue.
The judge reasoned that AMC’s use of the clips would likely be considered a “Fair use.” The court stated, “Just as a parody” needs to mimic an original to make its point... and a biographer is permitted to quote his subject, so too a documentary about two film makers should be permitted to sparingly show clips of the subject’s works.
Here the filmmaker took five clips ranging from 10 seconds to 54 seconds, with an average length of 26 seconds.
The second suit filed by the P was a result of the Arts & Entertainment (A&E) series “Biography.” A& E used clips from the AIP documentary in a piece about actor Peter Graves titled “Peter Graves: Mission Accomplished.” The program used 20 seconds of footage from a trailer that had been used to promote the exhibition of “It Conquered the World.” This excerpt amounted to less than one percent of A&E’s 70 minute program. The court dismissed the P’s case on a motion for summary judgment.
These cases illustrate that filmmakers may be able, under the fair use doctrine, to take short excerpts from pre-existing films without licensing the footage. Of course, it never hurts to have a license, and there is no assurance that other courts will follow these decisions.
The cases are Hofheinz v. AMC Productions, Inc., 147 F. Supp. 2d 127, 2001 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 1591 (E.D.N.Y. 2001); and Hofheinz v. A&E Television Networks, 146 F. Supp. 2d 442, 2001 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 8616 (S.D.N.Y. 2001).
BORROWING FILM CLIPS DEEMED A FAIR USE
Under U.S. law it is well recognized that a writer can quote from another writer’s copyrighted work. A reviewer, for example, can quote a short passage from a book that is being reviewed. The doctrine permitting this use is known as the fair use doctrine.
While copyright principles apply to filmmakers and other authors who create copyrighted works, it has never been clear to what extent film clips can be borrowed under the fair use doctrine. The practice of many cautious producers is to license clips, even of very limited duration. Two recent federal cases shed some light on the issue, and they may encourage producers to forgo licensing short clips.
The plaintiff (P) in both cases was a person who had acquired copyrights to many movies produced by American International Pictures (AIP). In the first case, the P complained about the use of clips from AIP movies in a documentary about AIP titled “It Conquered the World” produced by the American Movie Classics (AMC) cable channel. While the P had initially agreed to accept a $36,000 license fee for use of the excerpts for cable exhibition, the P apparently changed her mind and ultimately declined to sign the license agreement. Instead, the P sought an injunction which the court refused to issue.
The judge reasoned that AMC’s use of the clips would likely be considered a “Fair use.” The court stated, “Just as a parody” needs to mimic an original to make its point... and a biographer is permitted to quote his subject, so too a documentary about two film makers should be permitted to sparingly show clips of the subject’s works.
Here the filmmaker took five clips ranging from 10 seconds to 54 seconds, with an average length of 26 seconds.
The second suit filed by the P was a result of the Arts & Entertainment (A&E) series “Biography.” A& E used clips from the AIP documentary in a piece about actor Peter Graves titled “Peter Graves: Mission Accomplished.” The program used 20 seconds of footage from a trailer that had been used to promote the exhibition of “It Conquered the World.” This excerpt amounted to less than one percent of A&E’s 70 minute program. The court dismissed the P’s case on a motion for summary judgment.
These cases illustrate that filmmakers may be able, under the fair use doctrine, to take short excerpts from pre-existing films without licensing the footage. Of course, it never hurts to have a license, and there is no assurance that other courts will follow these decisions.
The cases are Hofheinz v. AMC Productions, Inc., 147 F. Supp. 2d 127, 2001 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 1591 (E.D.N.Y. 2001); and Hofheinz v. A&E Television Networks, 146 F. Supp. 2d 442, 2001 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 8616 (S.D.N.Y. 2001).
Tuesday, November 20, 2001
MEDIA HAS NO RIGHT TO BROADCAST EXECUTION
November 20, 2001
MEDIA HAS NO RIGHT TO BROADCAST EXECUTION
Last June Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh was executed. The execution was witnessed by reporters and members of the victim’s families. The execution was not transmitted over the Internet, however, despite the requests by several website operators to do so. Entertainment Network and Liveontheweb.com brought suit.
A federal court in Indiana has ruled that the plaintiffs had no right to record or broadcast an execution from within a prison. Entertainment Network, Inc. v. Lappin, 134 F. Supp. 2d 1002, 2001 U.S. Dist. Lexis 5035 (S. D. Ind. 2001).
MEDIA HAS NO RIGHT TO BROADCAST EXECUTION
Last June Oklahoma City bomber Timothy McVeigh was executed. The execution was witnessed by reporters and members of the victim’s families. The execution was not transmitted over the Internet, however, despite the requests by several website operators to do so. Entertainment Network and Liveontheweb.com brought suit.
A federal court in Indiana has ruled that the plaintiffs had no right to record or broadcast an execution from within a prison. Entertainment Network, Inc. v. Lappin, 134 F. Supp. 2d 1002, 2001 U.S. Dist. Lexis 5035 (S. D. Ind. 2001).
Friday, November 16, 2001
SONY DENIED INJUNCTION IN REGARD TO ZORRO
November 16, 2001
SONY DENIED INJUNCTION IN REGARD TO ZORRO
Sony was denied its request for an injunction to stop distribution of the syndicated television program “Queen of Swords.” Sony had alleged that the program infringed its copyright and trademark rights to Zorro. Sony had recently produced and distributed the feature film “The Mask of Zorro,” starring Antonio Banderas and Catherine Zeta-Jones.
Zorro is a fictional character originally created by pulp magazine writer Johnson McCulley. Movie rights were sold to Douglas Fairbanks Sr. who starred in a number of Zorro films including the silent film “The Mask of Zorro.” The copyrights to the original magazine story and the movie “The Mask of Zorro” have now expired.
Sony contended that the “Queen of Swords” TV program was similar to its “Mask of Zorro” film. The court disagreed, finding that the two were not similar in regard to the copyright protected aspects of Sony’s Zorro. The case illustrates how difficult it may be to prove infringement when another party creates material based on a public domain story or character. Sony Pictures Entertainment v. Fireworks Entertainment Group, 137 F. Supp. 2d 1177, 2001 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4549 (C.D. Cal. 2001).
FLICKER MEDIA
Congratulations to our client Flicker Media (www.FlickerMedia.com) on its new internet advertising campaign for Hallmark. Flicker Media provides a new concept in Internet advertising: a targeted streaming ad-delivery system with on-line content and hyperlinks. The company has created ad campaigns for skateboarding magazine Beyond Extreme, as well as for Speedo, Diesel and a “Free Tibet” spot.
You can see the Hallmark Stories Flicker, "Memories" on:
www.scrapbook.com (home page)www.marthastewart.com (all channels except home page)www.iparentingstories.com (home page)Law Offices of Mark Litwak & Associates (www.marklitwak.com)
SONY DENIED INJUNCTION IN REGARD TO ZORRO
Sony was denied its request for an injunction to stop distribution of the syndicated television program “Queen of Swords.” Sony had alleged that the program infringed its copyright and trademark rights to Zorro. Sony had recently produced and distributed the feature film “The Mask of Zorro,” starring Antonio Banderas and Catherine Zeta-Jones.
Zorro is a fictional character originally created by pulp magazine writer Johnson McCulley. Movie rights were sold to Douglas Fairbanks Sr. who starred in a number of Zorro films including the silent film “The Mask of Zorro.” The copyrights to the original magazine story and the movie “The Mask of Zorro” have now expired.
Sony contended that the “Queen of Swords” TV program was similar to its “Mask of Zorro” film. The court disagreed, finding that the two were not similar in regard to the copyright protected aspects of Sony’s Zorro. The case illustrates how difficult it may be to prove infringement when another party creates material based on a public domain story or character. Sony Pictures Entertainment v. Fireworks Entertainment Group, 137 F. Supp. 2d 1177, 2001 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 4549 (C.D. Cal. 2001).
FLICKER MEDIA
Congratulations to our client Flicker Media (www.FlickerMedia.com) on its new internet advertising campaign for Hallmark. Flicker Media provides a new concept in Internet advertising: a targeted streaming ad-delivery system with on-line content and hyperlinks. The company has created ad campaigns for skateboarding magazine Beyond Extreme, as well as for Speedo, Diesel and a “Free Tibet” spot.
You can see the Hallmark Stories Flicker, "Memories" on:
www.scrapbook.com (home page)www.marthastewart.com (all channels except home page)www.iparentingstories.com (home page)Law Offices of Mark Litwak & Associates (www.marklitwak.com)
Monday, October 29, 2001
Upcoming Features on the Independent Film Channel (IFC)
October 29, 2001
Upcoming Features on the Independent Film Channel (IFC)
“The Poor & Hungry," an independent motion picture written and directed by our client Craig Brewer will be shown for the first time on the Independent Film Channel on November 21st. This wonderfully entertaining movie won the top prize for Best Digital Feature at the Hollywood Film Festival where it received rave reviews. It was shown at a number of other festivals and was released theatrically at the Malco Theater in Memphis, Tennessee where it has generated more than twice the receipts of competing films including "The Cell" and "Blood Simple."
"The Poor & Hungry" is a fictional story of a car thief in Memphis who falls in love with one of his victims - a young cellist. The picture features an incredible performance by actress Lindsey Roberts who is also one of our clients.
Also, showing next month on the IFC is “Mugshot” by our client by renowned photographer and illustrator Matt Mahurin. The film shared the top award at the Hampton's International Film Festival.
The Hollywood Reporter said: "Mahurin's feature debut highlights his signature camera work, which gives the effect of a quivering selective focus, granting this part thriller-part identity picture a formal intensity and authority rarely seen in otherwise economically beleaguered independent films." This visually stunning drama is the story of a white photographer whose life is taken over by one of his attackers after an amnesia-inducing mugging.
Upcoming Features on the Independent Film Channel (IFC)
“The Poor & Hungry," an independent motion picture written and directed by our client Craig Brewer will be shown for the first time on the Independent Film Channel on November 21st. This wonderfully entertaining movie won the top prize for Best Digital Feature at the Hollywood Film Festival where it received rave reviews. It was shown at a number of other festivals and was released theatrically at the Malco Theater in Memphis, Tennessee where it has generated more than twice the receipts of competing films including "The Cell" and "Blood Simple."
"The Poor & Hungry" is a fictional story of a car thief in Memphis who falls in love with one of his victims - a young cellist. The picture features an incredible performance by actress Lindsey Roberts who is also one of our clients.
Also, showing next month on the IFC is “Mugshot” by our client by renowned photographer and illustrator Matt Mahurin. The film shared the top award at the Hampton's International Film Festival.
The Hollywood Reporter said: "Mahurin's feature debut highlights his signature camera work, which gives the effect of a quivering selective focus, granting this part thriller-part identity picture a formal intensity and authority rarely seen in otherwise economically beleaguered independent films." This visually stunning drama is the story of a white photographer whose life is taken over by one of his attackers after an amnesia-inducing mugging.
Friday, September 07, 2001
Invitation to Special Screening
September 7, 2001
Invitation to Special Screening
Last year my client writer/director Craig Brewer completed his film “The Poor & Hungry” a story about a romance between a cello player and a car thief. The picture won the top prize for Best Digital Feature at the recent Hollywood Film Festival. It has received rave reviews and was in limited release at the Malco Theater in Memphis, Tennessee where it generated more than twice the receipts of such films as "The Cell" and "Blood Simple.” The film was also shown at the Austin Film Festival.
Most recently, the picture was shown at the Nashville Film Festival and won the Audience Choice, Independent Spirit and the Regal Cinema Best Feature Awards. The film has been licensed to the Independent Film Channel which will exhibit it nationwide next year.
You are invited to a special screening at the Director’s Guild sponsored by the Tennessee Film and Music Commission on September 13 at 7:00PM. The Director’s Guild is at 7920 Sunset Blvd. There is limited seating so please come early to assure yourself a seat.
Invitation to Special Screening
Last year my client writer/director Craig Brewer completed his film “The Poor & Hungry” a story about a romance between a cello player and a car thief. The picture won the top prize for Best Digital Feature at the recent Hollywood Film Festival. It has received rave reviews and was in limited release at the Malco Theater in Memphis, Tennessee where it generated more than twice the receipts of such films as "The Cell" and "Blood Simple.” The film was also shown at the Austin Film Festival.
Most recently, the picture was shown at the Nashville Film Festival and won the Audience Choice, Independent Spirit and the Regal Cinema Best Feature Awards. The film has been licensed to the Independent Film Channel which will exhibit it nationwide next year.
You are invited to a special screening at the Director’s Guild sponsored by the Tennessee Film and Music Commission on September 13 at 7:00PM. The Director’s Guild is at 7920 Sunset Blvd. There is limited seating so please come early to assure yourself a seat.
Wednesday, September 05, 2001
To End All Wars Premieres at Telluride Film Festival
September 5, 2001
To End All Wars Premieres at Telluride Film Festival
I have just returned from the Telluride Film Festival with my clients, Director David Cunningham and Producer Jack Hafer, where their compelling film “To End All Wars” was received by enthusiastic audiences. The film is based on an eyewitness account by author Ernest Gordon who was an Allied prisoner of war during WW II forced to build the “Railway of Death” for the Japanese. The picture stars Kiefer Sutherland and Robert Carlyle.
The film will be shown next at the Toronto Film Festival on September 14th (9:00 PM at the Uptown 1 theater) with special appearances by Kiefer Sutherland and Ernest Gordon, and again on September 15 (11:15 AM at the Varsity 4 & 5 theaters). There is also a press screening on September 13th at (9:30 AM). It will also be shown at the upcoming Mill Valley Film Festival on the evening of Oct. 6th. This is a film you do not want to miss. Additional info on the film can be found at www.toendallwars.com. Congratulations David and Jack.
To End All Wars Premieres at Telluride Film Festival
I have just returned from the Telluride Film Festival with my clients, Director David Cunningham and Producer Jack Hafer, where their compelling film “To End All Wars” was received by enthusiastic audiences. The film is based on an eyewitness account by author Ernest Gordon who was an Allied prisoner of war during WW II forced to build the “Railway of Death” for the Japanese. The picture stars Kiefer Sutherland and Robert Carlyle.
The film will be shown next at the Toronto Film Festival on September 14th (9:00 PM at the Uptown 1 theater) with special appearances by Kiefer Sutherland and Ernest Gordon, and again on September 15 (11:15 AM at the Varsity 4 & 5 theaters). There is also a press screening on September 13th at (9:30 AM). It will also be shown at the upcoming Mill Valley Film Festival on the evening of Oct. 6th. This is a film you do not want to miss. Additional info on the film can be found at www.toendallwars.com. Congratulations David and Jack.
Tuesday, August 21, 2001
NOT EVEN TOP DIRECTORS ARE IMMUNE TO ACCOUNTING DISPUTES
August 21, 2001
NOT EVEN TOP DIRECTORS ARE IMMUNE TO ACCOUNTING DISPUTES
Independent filmmakers often complain about creative accounting and the failure of distributors to pay them all that they are due. Veteran producers and directors frequently avoid such disputes because they have lawyers and agents to protect their interests, and because they have enough clout to insist on a better definition of profits, and can sometimes even secure a piece of the gross. But even top directors may encounter problems.
According to the Associated Press, Emmy-winning director James Burrows (“Cheers,” “Will & Grace”) is suing Warner Bros. Television for more than $5 million, contending that WB did not pay him his share of profits from the highly rated TV show “Friends.”
Burrows’ complaint alleges that WB promised him five percent of the net profits from “Friends'' and other compensation. According to Burrows, WB told the director that they planned on deducting payments to third parties from Burrows’ share of profits even though there was no explicit provision for such deductions in his agreement.WB declined comment.
NOT EVEN TOP DIRECTORS ARE IMMUNE TO ACCOUNTING DISPUTES
Independent filmmakers often complain about creative accounting and the failure of distributors to pay them all that they are due. Veteran producers and directors frequently avoid such disputes because they have lawyers and agents to protect their interests, and because they have enough clout to insist on a better definition of profits, and can sometimes even secure a piece of the gross. But even top directors may encounter problems.
According to the Associated Press, Emmy-winning director James Burrows (“Cheers,” “Will & Grace”) is suing Warner Bros. Television for more than $5 million, contending that WB did not pay him his share of profits from the highly rated TV show “Friends.”
Burrows’ complaint alleges that WB promised him five percent of the net profits from “Friends'' and other compensation. According to Burrows, WB told the director that they planned on deducting payments to third parties from Burrows’ share of profits even though there was no explicit provision for such deductions in his agreement.WB declined comment.
Wednesday, July 25, 2001
HOLLYWOOD FILM FESTIVAL & CONFERENCE
July 25, 2001
HOLLYWOOD FILM FESTIVAL & CONFERENCE
Congratulations to our clients Charles Acosta and Dov Kelemer whose films were invited to screen at the upcoming Hollywood Film Festival.
Producer Charles Acosta’s PENDULUM will screen in the Studio Theater on the Paramount lot on August 4 at 7:00 PM. This picture is a terrific thriller starring Rachel Hunter and James Russo.
Dov Kelemer’s WON’T ANYBODY LISTEN is a documentary that chronicles the lives of a struggling rock band and the brutal realities of the record industry. It screens at the Raleigh Studios, Chaplin Theater at 7:00 PM on August 4.
I am moderating a panel on financing film on August 2 from 10:00 AM to11:45 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel. I am also participating as a speaker on the topic of Documentary Filmmaking for the New Millennium. This panel is also at the Hollywood Roosevelt hotel and will be on August 3rd from 3:00 PM to 4:30 PM.
The Hollywood Film Festival and Conference runs from August 2-6. Additional information can be found at http://hollywoodfestival.com.
HOLLYWOOD FILM FESTIVAL & CONFERENCE
Congratulations to our clients Charles Acosta and Dov Kelemer whose films were invited to screen at the upcoming Hollywood Film Festival.
Producer Charles Acosta’s PENDULUM will screen in the Studio Theater on the Paramount lot on August 4 at 7:00 PM. This picture is a terrific thriller starring Rachel Hunter and James Russo.
Dov Kelemer’s WON’T ANYBODY LISTEN is a documentary that chronicles the lives of a struggling rock band and the brutal realities of the record industry. It screens at the Raleigh Studios, Chaplin Theater at 7:00 PM on August 4.
I am moderating a panel on financing film on August 2 from 10:00 AM to11:45 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel. I am also participating as a speaker on the topic of Documentary Filmmaking for the New Millennium. This panel is also at the Hollywood Roosevelt hotel and will be on August 3rd from 3:00 PM to 4:30 PM.
The Hollywood Film Festival and Conference runs from August 2-6. Additional information can be found at http://hollywoodfestival.com.
Monday, June 04, 2001
Dept. of Commerce Issues Report on Runaway Production
June 4, 2001
Dept. of Commerce Issues Report on Runaway Production
Last year Congress asked the U.S. Dept. of Commerce to study the impact of runaway productions on the U.S. film industry. The report has now been completed and it findings are no big surprise: the number of films shot abroad for economic reasons increased dramatically from 100 films in 1990 to 285 films in 1998, an increase of 185% over eight years.
The report states that there are many reasons that American films are increasingly produced abroad including incentive programs offered by foreign governments. An entire 15 page chapter is devoted to the incentive programs offered by leading destination countries. The reports contains a useful two-page chart detailing the 30 programs offered in Canada.
The report is titled “The Migration of U.S. Film and Television Production: Impact of Runaways on Workers and Small Business in the U.S. Film Industry,U.S. Dept. of Commerce,” and is available at http://www.ita.doc.gov/media/filmreport.htm
Congratulations to Our Clients
With the threat of possible WGA and SAG strikes, many of our filmmaking clients have been rushing to get into production before possible strikes could take place. Congratulations to producer Harvey Kahn who began production of “Pressure.” The feature is a thriller starring Kerr Smith (Dawson’s Creek) and Angela Featherstone, and is directed by our client Richard Gale (“The Proposal”) and written by our clients Gale and Craig Brewer.
Writer/Director Daniel McCarthy has began production on the feature film “Irish Eyes Are Crying” a drama starring Daniel Baldwin. The shoot takes place in New Brunswick, Canada, and is produced by McCarthy and Julian Valdes.Congratulations also to Dennis Fallon who begins production June 4th on “Silence” starring Christine Swanson and Vincent Spano. The shoot takes place in Kansas City, Missouri and is directed by Tom Whit
Dept. of Commerce Issues Report on Runaway Production
Last year Congress asked the U.S. Dept. of Commerce to study the impact of runaway productions on the U.S. film industry. The report has now been completed and it findings are no big surprise: the number of films shot abroad for economic reasons increased dramatically from 100 films in 1990 to 285 films in 1998, an increase of 185% over eight years.
The report states that there are many reasons that American films are increasingly produced abroad including incentive programs offered by foreign governments. An entire 15 page chapter is devoted to the incentive programs offered by leading destination countries. The reports contains a useful two-page chart detailing the 30 programs offered in Canada.
The report is titled “The Migration of U.S. Film and Television Production: Impact of Runaways on Workers and Small Business in the U.S. Film Industry,U.S. Dept. of Commerce,” and is available at http://www.ita.doc.gov/media/filmreport.htm
Congratulations to Our Clients
With the threat of possible WGA and SAG strikes, many of our filmmaking clients have been rushing to get into production before possible strikes could take place. Congratulations to producer Harvey Kahn who began production of “Pressure.” The feature is a thriller starring Kerr Smith (Dawson’s Creek) and Angela Featherstone, and is directed by our client Richard Gale (“The Proposal”) and written by our clients Gale and Craig Brewer.
Writer/Director Daniel McCarthy has began production on the feature film “Irish Eyes Are Crying” a drama starring Daniel Baldwin. The shoot takes place in New Brunswick, Canada, and is produced by McCarthy and Julian Valdes.Congratulations also to Dennis Fallon who begins production June 4th on “Silence” starring Christine Swanson and Vincent Spano. The shoot takes place in Kansas City, Missouri and is directed by Tom Whit
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